Why, they’ll wonder, would the citizens of a country that had become the richest and most powerful in the world, a country that had accumulated patents, Pulitzers, Nobels, and other national and international awards out of all proportion to the size of its population - why would it hand over its system of education to corporations, politicians and a wealthy guy who went to private schools? That wealthy guy, of course, is Bill Gates. To sell a particular theory, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has funneled millions of dollars to a broad range of parent, professional and political groups , including the Parent Teacher Association, the ASCD (formerly known as the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development), the National Writers Project, the American Federation of Teachers, The National Council of La Raza, many universities, the Aspen Institute, the National Governors Association, the Council of Chief State School Officers, and, very importantly, to the manufacturers of standardized tests. The Gates theory? America’s schools were “soft”; they needed to be “hard” - rigorous. The “soft” part of the theory wasn’t based on research, didn’t emerge from public dialogue, wasn’t a conclusion reached by knowledgeable observers, and certainly wasn’t a view held by those actually doing the work - classroom teachers. The “hard,” or rigor, part of the theory has now been in place long enough to demonstrate that it doesn’t work. A report from the National Academy of Sciences says what even longtime fans of the test-and-punish school of reform now admit: it’s been a fiasco. Specifically, the National Academy of Sciences finds, “The tests that are typically used to increase performance in education fall short in providing a complete measure of desired educational outcomes.” Never mind all that. The sales pitch for the need for tough love has been phenomenally successful. The idea that greater rigor will breathe new life into American education has become the conventional wisdom, promoted by liberals and conservatives, the leaders of both political parties, the US Department of Education, the US Chamber of Commerce, the Business Roundtable, the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), the Center for American Progress, Democrats for Education Reform, the Gates, Broad and Walton Family foundations, and by the producers of educational materials. They quote each other and the media echo chamber amplifies it.

Click the link to read the entire article.

You need to read this.

What are we doing to our kids?   We need to access skills, that’s fine.  But why aren’t our assessments authentic?

jl8910:

Testing…testing…1, 2, 3…
Sketch and Education Rethink by John T. Spencer.

I need this on a shirt.

jl8910:

Testing…testing…1, 2, 3…

Sketch and Education Rethink by John T. Spencer.

I need this on a shirt.

When a new generation of tests—the common-core assessments—is unveiled in a few years, special education teachers should be able to put away their index cards and all the other shortcuts and homemade solutions they have created over the years to make paper-and-pencil tests accessible for many students with disabilities.

That’s because the new, computerized tests will have accommodations for most students with disabilities built right in.

Using $360 million in federal Race to the Top money, two state collaboratives are designing tests for the new common standards in mathematics and English/language arts that have been adopted by 44 states and the District of Columbia. The federal government expects the tests to be ready by the 2014-15 school year.

The two groups tasked with developing the common-core assessments have been thinking about students with disabilities from the time they first won the grants from the U.S. Department of Education to design the tests. That’s a sharp departure from what’s been the norm in standardized testing, which has been to consider accommodations for students with disabilities as an afterthought.

I’m glad accommodations are being considered, however, I’d much rather see appropriate assessments that look at students’ progress being developed. 

I post a lot of special education articles and ideas for working with struggling students on my tumblr.

But what about Gifted students?   They also deserve a free and appropriate education.

In Ohio, we are only required to identify gifted students — not actually do anything with them once we find them.  Most districts do have gifted programs, but when money gets tight they are some of the first cuts to be made.

I think this article provides some good starting points and definitions when it comes to gifted students.  

I’ll be on the look out to find more to share soon.

What does your state/district do for gifted students?

"America has been conducting a massive experiment on the impact of high-stakes testing ever sine the so-called “No Child Left Behind” law (NCLB) was signed nine years ago. And the results are in: “This enormous expensive, painful venture has had little or no effect on achievement."

— Alain Jehlen and Mary Ellen Flannery “Just the Facts Please” NEA TODAY, March/April 2011, pg 20.

Vocabulary Instruction in Today’s Classroom Part 2

Read Part I

Why Is Vocabulary Instruction Important?

If you are also a teacher, you are probably thinking to yourself, “Well this is obvious.”  Vocabulary instruction is important because without understanding the meaning of the words you read, you cannot comprehend text (Christ & Wang 2010). In observations of sixth graders in a school with a population that was ethnically diverse and came from low-income homes, Kelley, Lesaux, Kieffer, and Faller (2010) found that approximately 10% of English Language Arts time was spent on teaching vocabulary.  These students scored lower on standardized tests than students who were part of classrooms with increased vocabulary instruction.  In these classrooms, words were taught with nonfiction texts in 45 minute periods, and the words were used for two weeks.  Therefore, the discussion needs to be, “Why is more vocabulary instruction important?”

One of the main reasons I believe that vocabulary instruction needs an increased role in the classroom because it is one of the areas that my struggling and good readers alike have the most difficulty with.  They have little knowledge, besides asking me, how to determine the meaning of an unfamiliar word.  As I proctor some standardized tests this month to students that are in my classes and others, I notice a number of them having a difficult time understanding what is being asked of them.  Kelley et al. (2010) states, “academic vocabulary, the specialized and sophisticated language of a test, is a particular source of difficulty for students who struggle with comprehension” in urban middle schools (p. 5).  I would argue that this is also the case in many middle class suburban schools.  Bromley (2007) identifies vocabulary as being instrumental in students’ comprehension of texts, reading fluency, and achievement. Along similar lines Richek (2005) concludes that vocabulary knowledge is one of the top predictors of reading success.  If we want our students to succeed, they need quality vocabulary instruction.  Not a list of words that are squeezed in using a dictionary. 

Furthermore, I believe vocabulary instruction is important because once students begin to struggle with vocabulary and comprehension, they disengage.  Good readers on the other hand, that read often continue to improve their vocabulary knowledge and comprehension skills.  Struggling readers then fall even further behind their peers.  It is for this reason that I believe more vocabulary instruction is important at all grade levels.

Wasik (2010) recognizes that learning vocabulary is a vital element when a child is developing reading skills and it plays a significant role in their success throughout school.  According to Hart and Risley (1995), children they studied that were 3 years old and came from low income households knew 600 fewer words than other 3 year olds from wealthier families.  By the time these children were in the 2nd grade, the difference between the two populations was estimated at 4,000.   Students generally begin to lose interest in reading by 4th grade, and even more so if the student is identified as a struggling reader (Applegate & Applegate 2010).  This piece of data clearly indicates to me that we must increase vocabulary instruction at the primary level in order to limit the decrease in at-risk students’ motivations to read.

Furthermore, it is important that vocabulary instruction does not only include teaching of words.  We also must spend increased instructional time teaching how to use context cues, the meaning of specific morphemes, related words, and outside resources in order to determine what a word means in specific contexts.  “If our goal is to help students improve understanding … then words need to be pulled apart, put together, defined informally, practiced in writing, and played with regularly …” (Kelley 2010).  A significant amount of time must be spent on learning and using words in a variety of media with different shades of meaning for a student to truly understand a word and begin to include it in their own speaking vocabulary.  There needs to be specific vocabulary instruction time carved into not only the Language Arts periods, but the content areas as well.

Sources: 

(Listed in order that they appeared, and when possible linked to the publishing organization’s online copy of it — although a subscription may be required.   Also, yes I read all of these — except the book, which I only read a small part of).

 

Bridging the Vocabulary Gap: What Research Tells Us about Vocabulary Instruction in Early Childhood,  Tanya Christ and Christine Wang, Young Children, July 2010

Effective Academic Vocabulary Instruction in the Urban Middle School, Joan G. Kelley, Nonie K. Lesaux, Michael J. Kieffer, S. Elisabeth Faller, The Reading Teacher, September 2010

Nine Things Every Teacher Should Know About Words and Vocabulary Instruction, Karen Bromley, Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, April 2007

Words Are Wonderful: Interactive, Time-Efficient Strategies to Teach Meaning Vocabulary, Margaret Ann Richek, The Reading Teacher, February 2005

 What Teachers Can Do to Promote Preschoolers’ Vocabulary Development: Strategies From an Effective Language and Literacy Professional Development Coaching Model, Barbara A. Wasik, The Reading Teacher, May 2010

Hart, B., & T. Risley. 1995. Meaningful differences in the everyday experience of young children. Baltimore: Brookes.

A Study of Thoughtful Literacy and the Motivation to Read, Anthony J. Applegate, Mary DeKonty Applegate, The Reading Teacher, December 2010

 

 

 

I can see both the pros and cons in this.

If all students can’t use it, then it isn’t fair.   Also, is spelling assessed in any of their other exams?

omeone asked me yesterday if I knew of a simple voice recording service to replace the one that Drop.io offered before announcing their shut down. Vocaroo could be a good replacement for the Drop.io voice recording service. 

Vocaroo is a free service that allows users to create audio recordings without the need to install any software. You don’t even have to create an account to use Vocaroo. All you need to provide is a microphone. I used the microphone built into my MacBook to make the recording below. To create a recording just go to Vocaroo.com, click record, grant Vocaroo access to your mic, and start talking. After completing your recording, Vocaroo gives you the choice to publish it or to scrap it and try again.

This could be an excellent tool for my students that need their tests read to them, but do not come to see me enough for them to take all their tests with me.

Click the link for the whole article.

Thanks to Free Technology for Teachers for this tool.

Testmoz is a simple service for creating and administering multiple choice tests online. Testmoz provides a unique url for the tests you create. Testmoz also provides a “pass code” that test takers have to enter. As the administrator of the tests you create you can quickly see who has taken your test and how many questions they answered correctly.